RESUMO
Introducción Las campañas de vacunación contra la gripe alcanzan coberturas por debajo de lo deseado y recomendado. Lo que en el contexto actual de pandemia por SARS-CoV-2 cobra mayor relevancia. Nuestro objetivo consiste en evaluar el impacto en la cobertura vacunal alcanzada de una serie de estrategias de implementación vacunal llevadas a cabo. Material y métodos Se introdujo una serie de estrategias de implementación de la vacunación en nuestra zona básica de salud como la captación activa y la ampliación horaria entre otras, se evaluó y comparó la cobertura vacunal alcanzada en la campaña actual con las previas, tanto a las 8 semanas como al final de la campaña. Además, se llevó a cabo un estudio transversal mediante una encuesta para valorar el impacto que habían tenido las medidas. Resultados En la semana 8 de la campaña detectamos diferencias significativas en cuanto al incremento de la cobertura vacunal alcanzada respecto a años previos, resultado que se confirmó al finalizar la campaña alcanzándose diferencias significativas (p<0,05) de cobertura vacunal en todos los centros estudiados, datos que fueron a favor de la efectividad de las estrategias empleadas. Conclusiones Las estrategias de implementación vacunal empleadas se han mostrado efectivas, logrando un incremento de hasta un 74% en las dosis totales administradas respecto a campañas previas y de hasta un 15% en la cobertura vacunal alcanzada en mayores de 64 años; pese al contexto de pandemia y al aumento de los movimientos antivacunas (AU)
Introduction Vaccination campaigns against influenza virus achieve coverages under recommended and desired values. In current context of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic it becomes more relevant. Our objective is to evaluate the impact on vaccination coverage of a set of implementation strategies carried out. Material and method Vaccine implementation strategies were introduced in our basic health zone as active caption of patients and schedule extension. Then the vaccination coverage achieved in the current campaign was evaluated and compared with previous in the 8th week and at the end of the campaign. Besides, a transversal study through a survey was carried out to measure the impact of the applied strategies. Result In the 8th week of the campaign significant differences were detected in the increase of vaccination coverage compared with previous years. These results were confirmed at the end of the campaign, getting a significant difference (<.05) of vaccination coverage in all the studied centers, these data support the effectivity of the applied strategies. Conclusions The vaccine implementation strategies applied have shown effectivity, achieving an increase of until 74% in the total administered doses compared to previous campaigns and even a 15% of vaccination coverage increased in the group of patients older than 64 years; even in a pandemic context and the increasing of anti-vaccine movements (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Infecções por Coronavirus/epidemiologia , Pneumonia Viral/epidemiologia , Pandemias , Vacinas contra Influenza/administração & dosagem , Influenza Humana/prevenção & controle , Programas de Imunização , Projetos Piloto , EspanhaRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Vaccination campaigns against influenza virus achieve coverages under recommended and desired values. In current context of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic it becomes more relevant. Our objective is to evaluate the impact on vaccination coverage of a set of implementation strategies carried out. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Vaccine implementation strategies were introduced in our basic health zone as active caption of patients and schedule extension. Then the vaccination coverage achieved in the current campaign was evaluated and compared with previous in the 8th week and at the end of the campaign. Besides, a transversal study through a survey was carried out to measure the impact of the applied strategies. RESULTS: In the 8th week of the campaign significant differences were detected in the increase of vaccination coverage compared with previous years. These results were confirmed at the end of the campaign, getting a significant difference (<.05) of vaccination coverage in all the studied centers, these data support the effectivity of the applied strategies. CONCLUSIONS: The vaccine implementation strategies applied have shown effectivity, achieving an increase of until 74% in the total administered doses compared to previous campaigns and even a 15% of vaccination coverage increased in the group of patients older than 64 years; even in a pandemic context and the increasing of anti-vaccine movements.
Assuntos
COVID-19 , Vacinas contra Influenza , Influenza Humana , Humanos , Influenza Humana/epidemiologia , Influenza Humana/prevenção & controle , SARS-CoV-2 , Projetos Piloto , Pandemias/prevenção & controle , COVID-19/epidemiologia , COVID-19/prevenção & controle , Programas de ImunizaçãoRESUMO
Resumen Desde 1982, cada año el Departamento de Inmunizaciones del Ministerio de Salud de Chile lleva a cabo la campaña de vacunación contra influenza junto con las Secretarías Regionales Ministeriales-SEREMI, Servicios de Salud y centros de atención primaria de salud. Con los objetivos de prevenir mortalidad y morbilidad grave en grupos de mayor riesgo y de preservar la integridad de los servicios de salud, hasta el 2020 las campañas de vacunación contra influenza serían las más grandes implementadas en Chile, para dar paso, el 2021, a la vacunación contra SARS-CoV-2. Obedeciendo a cambios demográficos y epidemiológicos locales y acogiendo los avances científicos sobre seguridad e inmunogenicidad de la vacuna, el incremento de las vacunas influenza disponibles en Chile forma parte de la planificación anual de la campaña. El 2020, sin embargo, la Campaña Influenza tuvo que ser re-planificada en curso como consecuencia de la incorporación de nuevos grupos a vacunar según dispuso la modificación de la alerta sanitaria por brote de SARS-CoV-2 del 6 de marzo de 2020. Así, de 6.799.800 de dosis, el Departamento de Inmunizaciones logró en menos de dos meses aumentar la disponibilidad a 8.480.325, y cumplir con el compromiso de garantizar el acceso de los grupos de riesgo al beneficio de la vacunación estatal gratuita.
Abstract In Chile, the Immunization Department of the Ministry of Health has carried out the seasonal influenza vaccination campaign annually since 1982 in collaboration with the national health services, regional health offices, and primary health care centres. With the aim of preventing deaths and serious morbidity in high-risk groups and preserving the integrity of health services, the seasonal influenza campaign had been the largest implemented in Chile until 2020, since in 2021 the vaccination campaign against SARS-CoV-2 is expected to become the largest ever implemented. In response to local demographic and epidemiological changes, and taking into account the new scientific evidence on the safety and immunogenicity of vaccines, the influenza vaccines available in Chile would increase annually as a result of campaign planning. In 2020, the influenza campaign had to be re-planned while in progress due to the addition of new high-risk groups to be vaccinated in accordance with the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic health alert modification of March 6th, 2020. Over the course of three weeks, the Immunization Department managed to increase the doses of available influenza vaccines from 6,799,800 previously agreed upon to 8,480,325 and thus serve high-risk groups, guaranteeing their access to state funded influenza vaccination.
